Septic 101
How does your septic tank operate?
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The tank's job is to protect your drainfield or other components from becoming clogged by solids suspended in wastewater.
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Lighter solids such as grease, oils, and toilet tissue form the scum layer.
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Heavier solids and decomposed waste fall to the bottom to form a sludge layer.
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A solid outlet baffle and regular cleaning ensure a nominal amount of solids enter your drainfield.
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Above is a cross section of a septic tank that is due for service based on the level of scum and sludge.


How does my drainfield operate?
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Drainfields are constructed in permeable soils.
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Trenches are excavated and filled with stone. Perforated pipe is laid on top of the stone and is then covered with a few more inches of stone.
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Geo fabric is used to cover the stone so that dirt and debris does not infiltrate the drainfield when it is backfilled.
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Grey water leaves the tank, flows through the perforated pipe, filters through several feet of stone, and then percolates through the soil that lies beneath the stone.